Data-based individualization (DBI) is a research-based process for individualizing and intensifying interventions through the systematic use of assessment data, validated interventions, and research-based adaptation strategies. This document introduces and describes the DBI process and how it can be used to support students who require intensive intervention in academics and/or behavior.
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Implementation Guidance and Considerations
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This training module demonstrates how academic progress monitoring fits into the Data-Based Individualization (DBI) process by (a) providing approaches and tools for academic progress monitoring and (b) showing how to use progress monitoring data to set ambitious goals, make instructional decisions, and plan programs for individual students with intensive needs.
This training module, includes four sections that (a) provide an overview of administering common general outcome measures for progress monitoring in reading and mathematics, (b) review graphed progress monitoring data, and (c) provide guidance on identifying what type of skills the intervention should target to be most effective in reading and mathematics.
This is part 1 of the larger module, “Informal Academic Diagnostic Assessment: Using Data to Guide Intensive Instruction.” This part is intended to provide an overview of common general outcome measures (GOM) used for progress monitoring in reading and mathematics, with guidance on selecting an appropriate measure.
This is part 3 of the larger module, “Informal Academic Diagnostic Assessment: Using Data to Guide Intensive Instruction.” This part is intended to provide participants with an introduction to error analysis of curriculum-based measures for the purpose of identifying skill deficits and providing examples of error analysis in reading and mathematics. Part 4, “Identifying Target Skills,” will further link these skill deficits to intervention.
This is part 4 of the module, “Informal Academic Diagnostic Assessment: Using Data to Guide Intensive Instruction.” This part of the module is intended to provide participants with guidance for identifying skills to target in reading and math interventions.
In this video, Michelle Hosp, Associate Professor in the College of Education at the University of Massachusetts Amherst discusses why your progress monitoring tool may not directly focus on the skills that you are teaching.
In this video, Dr. Sharon Vaughn, Senior Advisor to the National Center on Intensive Intervention and the Executive Director of The Meadows Center for Preventing Educational Risk, discusses intensive academic interventions and supplies up to date information about the status of research studies on the subject.
This video from the REL Midwest features Michigan educators discussing how districts can accelerate reading growth for young learners. Educators and leaders from Chippewa Hills School District, specifically discuss the use of data-based individualization (DBI).
Norms for oral reading fluency (ORF) can be used to help educators make decisions about which students might need intervention in reading and to help monitor students’ progress once instruction has begun. This paper describes the origins of the widely used curriculum-based measure of ORF and how the creation and use of ORF norms has evolved over time. Using data from three widely-used commercially available ORF assessments (DIBELS, DIBELS Next, and easyCBM), a new set of compiled ORF norms for grade 1-6 are presented here along with an analysis of how they differ from the norms created in 2006.