The purpose of this module is to focus on the importance of fractions, including the prerequisite skills. Fractions have been cited as a key skill that students need in order to be more successful in advanced mathematics skills, including algebra. Fractions are a necessary skill to be included as part of tiered interventions for students as early as grade 3.
Search
Resource Type
DBI Process
Subject
Implementation Guidance and Considerations
Student Population
Audience
Search
This module is focused on the foundational skills of basic facts and computations across elementary grade levels. This module reviews the math trajectories that lead to long-term success and mastery of facts. Mastery of facts will lead to deeper understanding of facts in order to complete multi-step computations.
Counting and place value are prerequisite skills that are essential for more advanced, multistep mathematics skills. This module focuses on the foundational skills of counting and place value, including common skill areas where students struggle. Instructional skills and case studies are presented to help teachers and interventionists better understand essential skills to include across tiered interventions.
Teachers often note that students struggle with the transition between core instruction and intervention in mathematics. Thus, the purpose of these curriculum crosswalks is to identify points of alignment and misalignment between commonly used mathematics intervention and core instructional materials, with a particular focus on mathematics practice standards and vocabulary. We offer recommendations for improving alignment to help students more successfully participate in math instruction across settings. Math Curriculum Crosswalk: Grade 1 Math Curriculum Crosswalk: Grade 2 Math Curriculum Crosswalk: Grade 3
The Taxonomy of Intervention Intensity (Fuchs, Fuchs, & Malone, 2017) can be used to select or evaluate an intervention platform used as the validated intervention platform or the foundation of the DBI process. It can also be used to guide the adaptation of intensification of an intervention during the intervention adaptation step of the DBI process. The Taxonomy includes the following dimensions:
Diagnostic tools provide data to assist educators in designing individualized instruction and intensifying intervention for students who do not respond to validated intervention programs. Diagnostic tools can be either informal, which are easy-to-use tools that can be administered with little training, or standardized, which must be delivered in a standard way by trained staff. Teams may find it helpful to initially consider using more informal and easily accessible diagnostic tools and data to avoid loss of instructional time. Standardized diagnostic tools, which require more time to administer and interpret, may be required for students who continually demonstrate a lack of response or who require special education.
It is important that the instructional practices and interventions delivered within a school’s multi-tiered system of support (MTSS) be grounded in evidence. However, the “practice” that happens within each tier is different; therefore, the type of evidence that is required for each tier also must be different. A useful way to think about evidence-based practices in MTSS is to think about levels of evidence that vary and correspond to the different levels of intervention intensity at each tier. In the tables below, find resources to support the selection and evaluation of Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 or intensive interventions.
Assessment is an essential part of the data-based individualization (DBI) process and a multi-tiered system of support (MTSS). Without technically sound assessment, which provides accurate, meaningful information, a teacher has no objective method for determining what a student needs or how to intensify instruction to meet those needs. The close connection between assessment and intervention is at the foundation of the DBI process. This connection is what drives teacher decision making. With the right assessment tools and guidance on how to use them, teachers can make sound, data-based decisions about who needs intensive intervention, when to make instructional changes, and what skills to focus on. In the tables below, find resources to support the selection and evaluation of screening, progress monitoring and diagnostic assessments.
When a student fails to respond to a validated intervention, teams need to identify why the student is not responding to determine how to adapt the intervention. Diagnostic data can assist teams in this process. They may be used to understand a student’s specific skill deficits and strengths or to identify the environmental events that predict and maintain the student’s problem behavior.
The DBI process builds on a validated intervention program. This may also be called an evidence-based standard-protocol intervention or a Tier 2 intervention.