This video uses manipulatives to review common counting errors that many students who struggle with counting exhibit. When students make counting errors such as coordination errors, omission errors, and double counting errors, it suggests that they do not have a solid foundation of one-to-one correspondence with counting. Allowing students multiple opportunities to practice counting with a set of objects presented in a line will help students refine skills in correspondence. Students may also commit errors related to reciting the correct counting sequence. If students have not mastered the stable orders of numbers, they will not be able to correctly apply other counting skills; therefore, students should be provided with multiple opportunities to practice the verbal count sequence.
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This video illustrates the use of manipulatives to help students practice counting skills such as identifying a set within a set of objects, correspondence, and counting on in order to determine the cardinality of a set of objects.
This video uses manipulatives to review the five counting principles including stable order, correspondence, cardinality, abstraction, and order irrelevance.
This video illustrates the use of an efficient counting on strategy that students may practice to solve simple addition problems without the use of manipulatives. When students use a counting on strategy to solve an addition problem, they must be able to hold one number in working memory; however, an important working memory strategy to teach students and allow students to practice includes using fingers to track counting. Counting on is an efficient strategy that students may use to quickly determine the solution to an addition problem. With enough practice opportunities students will soon be able to perform simple arithmetic without the use of working memory strategies such as finger counting.
This video shows how to use the traditional division algorithm. Unlike other traditional algorithms used with addition, subtraction, and multiplication, the traditional algorithm used for division requires that students move left to right. The traditional division algorithm is very efficient to use and can be used with numbers of varying digit length. Although efficient, correct use of the traditional algorithm requires that students have strong basic fact recall (i.e., with multiplication facts and subtraction) and that students have a firm understanding of place value. Related Resources View other videos in this series.
This video demonstrates how to use lattice multiplication. Although the lattice multiplication strategy eliminates regrouping while solving the problem, it requires careful construction of the lattice (it needs to be the correct size), correct placement of the numbers (above or below the lattice line), and a solid understanding of place value. The lattice strategy uses place value by partitioning multi-digit numbers into smaller parts and it may not be an efficient strategy for students to use if they do not understand how multiplication works. However, learning this strategy with whole numbers may benefit students as they begin to multiply decimals as lattice multiplication is an efficient tool to use with decimals.
This video illustrates how to use the partial quotient strategy to divide. To correctly use the partial quotient strategy, students need to have strong recall skills in division and multiplication facts. Students rely on this knowledge to partition the larger quantity that is being divided, into smaller and more manageable numbers. The partial quotient strategy is an alternative strategy for students who have not yet mastered the steps of the traditional algorithm.
This video describes how to use the partial products strategy with multiplication.
This video reviews to how use the traditional algorithm to solve multiplication with regrouping.
This video describes how to use the partial differences strategy to solve multi-digit subtraction.