This series of videos provides brief instructional examples for supporting students who need intensive instruction in the area of place value. Within college- and career-ready standards place value is taught in Kindergarten through Grade 5. These videos may be used as each concept is introduced, or with students in higher grade levels who continue to struggle with the concepts. Special education teachers, math interventionists, and others working with struggling students may find these videos helpful.
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This series of videos provides brief instructional examples for supporting students who need intensive instruction in the area of numeracy and counting. Within college- and career-ready standards numeracy and counting are taught in Pre-Kindergarten through Grade 1. These videos may be used as these concepts are introduced, or with students in higher grade levels who continue to struggle with the concepts. Special education teachers, math interventionists, and others working with struggling students may find these videos helpful.
This video describes how to use the partial sums strategy with addition. The problem in this video requires regrouping; however, the partial sums strategy eliminates the regrouping procedure. The partial sums strategy is typically performed left to right and focuses on adding only part of each multi-digit number at a time (e.g., only adding digits in the hundreds column to determine the partial sum of hundreds, followed by only adding digits in the tens column to determine the partial sum of tens, and so on). It may be especially important for students to know and understand the partial sums strategies if they have not yet developed an understanding for regrouping. This strategy is also efficient when all or most of the numbers have the same number of digits.
This video illustrates the use of manipulatives to help students practice solving story problems that require the use of counting skills such as correspondence, cardinality, and counting on. When students practice solving story problems with manipulatives, they are able to apply mathematics skills, such as counting, in a real-world context. The application of strategies and skills in a real-world context makes learned mathematics knowledge meaningful.
This video illustrates the use of manipulatives to help students practice number relations skills. When numbers are represented with manipulatives as sets, students develop a concrete understanding for comparing quantities. Students must possess a deep understanding of number relation skill including identifying more, less, and equal quantities prior to mastering higher-level skills such as number operations.
This video illustrates the use of an efficient counting on strategy that students may practice to solve simple addition problems without the use of manipulatives. When students use a counting on strategy to solve an addition problem, they must be able to hold one number in working memory; however, an important working memory strategy to teach students and allow students to practice includes using fingers to track counting. Counting on is an efficient strategy that students may use to quickly determine the solution to an addition problem. With enough practice opportunities students will soon be able to perform simple arithmetic without the use of working memory strategies such as finger counting.
This video illustrates the use of an efficient counting on strategy that students may practice to solve simple subtraction problems without the use of manipulatives.
This video illustrates how to use the partial quotient strategy to divide. To correctly use the partial quotient strategy, students need to have strong recall skills in division and multiplication facts. Students rely on this knowledge to partition the larger quantity that is being divided, into smaller and more manageable numbers. The partial quotient strategy is an alternative strategy for students who have not yet mastered the steps of the traditional algorithm.
This video describes how to use the partial differences strategy to solve multi-digit subtraction.
This video illustrates how to use the traditional algorithm to solve subtraction with regrouping. The traditional algorithm focuses on digit placement and requires that students move right to left to correctly perform the operation. Before students are introduced to the standard addition algorithm, it is important that they have a conceptual understanding of regrouping. This will allow students to correctly use the algorithm when they exchange 10 ones in the ones place value column with 1 ten in the tens place value column. It is important for students to know and understand how to use the traditional algorithm because it is an efficient strategy to use if regrouping is required, when numbers have varying numbers of digits, and when the numbers included are too large to reasonably use other strategies (e.g., partial differences can become confusing for students who do not understand negative integers).