This video demonstrates how to use the set model to convert mixed numbers to improper fractions. It is important that students are exposed to converting fractions using this model because it is often how fractions are represented in the real world. Beginners and students who struggle may find the set model difficult to understand because the whole (1) is represented by a set of chips (4 chips in this example); therefore, students will benefit from explicit modeling and several opportunities to engage in guided and independent practice.
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In Module 6 of the Intensive Intervention in Mathematics Course Content we focus on whole number concepts and computation. In Modules 4 and 5, we emphasized important instructional delivery methods and strategies to include when providing instruction within intensive intervention. Modules 6 and 7 focus on important concepts and procedures for whole numbers (Module 6) and rational numbers (Module 7) teachers may find important for being able to explain mathematics to students.
This video shows how to use the set model to represent fractions, such as 1/2. In the set model, the whole is represented by a set of objects, such as two-colored chips. Individual chips within the set, represent the fractional parts. It is important that students be exposed to the set model because fractions in real-world settings are often represented this way.
This video demonstrates how to use the set model to multiply equivalent fractions. Before students can multiple fractions they should understand the concepts of repeated addition and grouping as it is used with multiplication of whole numbers. Teachers should carefully model multiplication using the set model as students have to understand that when re-grouping the parts of the fractions, they need to keep the denominator the same. The set model is also a useful strategy for introducing how to multiply fractions that are not equivalent; so, students may benefit from multiple opportunities to practice with equivalent fractions first.
This video demonstrates how to use the set model to add fractions with unlike denominators. The set model allows students to easily find like denominators and manipulate pieces of the fraction in order to perform computation; however, using the set model in this instance does require many steps and students need to remember that whole is represented by a set of chips (in this case, 12 chips). Beginners and students who struggle may benefit from a visual checklist to use while performing addition of fractions with unlike denominators using the set model.
In this article, Drs. Ketterlin Geller, Lembke, and Powell discuss how they are supporting educators to implement (1) the process of data-based individualization (DBI), (2) the principles of explicit and systematic instruction, and (3) key components of algebra readiness as part of Project STAIR (Supporting Teaching of Algebra: Individual Readiness).
This video demonstrates how to use fraction tiles and the set model to convert mixed numbers to improper fractions. It is important that students have the opportunity to convert fractions using both models of representation.
This video demonstrates how to use fraction circles to help students compare the value of several fractions with different numerators and denominators. The use of direct modeling with concrete manipulatives, such as fractions circles, allows students to develop conceptual understanding of fractions before they attempt to compare fractions without concrete manipulatives or pictorial representations. After students have had multiple opportunities to practice comparing fractions with concrete manipulatives, they may be ready to use other strategies such as mental images and reasoning strategies.
In this video, Dr. Catherine Bradshaw, Deputy Director of the John Hopkins Center for the Prevention of Youth Violence and Co-Director of the John Hopkins Center for Prevention and Early Intervention, discusses PBIS, who it works for, and under what conditions it works best.
This module provides foundational knowledge of what behavior is, how behavior is defined, and what environmental factors influence behavior.
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