This video describes how to use the partial products strategy with multiplication.
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This video shows how to use the traditional division algorithm. Unlike other traditional algorithms used with addition, subtraction, and multiplication, the traditional algorithm used for division requires that students move left to right. The traditional division algorithm is very efficient to use and can be used with numbers of varying digit length. Although efficient, correct use of the traditional algorithm requires that students have strong basic fact recall (i.e., with multiplication facts and subtraction) and that students have a firm understanding of place value. Related Resources View other videos in this series.
This video illustrates the use of manipulatives to help students practice correspondence and tracking objects as objects are counted in different ways. When children understand that objects may be counted in any order (e.g., left-to-right, right-to-left, in a random fashion) they have developed an understanding of the order irrelevance counting principle. Counting objects in many different ways also allows students to practice tracking objects as the objects are counted to make sure that each objects is counted once and only once, regardless of the order in which the object is counted.
This video shows how manipulatives can be used to explain division problems that have a fair-share or equal partition problem structure. This example demonstrates how manipulatives can be used to show how repeated subtraction (i.e., when the whole is decreased iteratively by equal sets) can be used in division to determine the size of the equal set. When students have many practice opportunities to solve division problems with strategies such as repeated subtraction, they develop a solid conceptual understanding that division represents partitioning a quality into groups of equivalent sets.
This video shows how manipulatives can be used to explain division problems that have a fair-share or equal partition problem structure. This example demonstrates how manipulatives can be used to show how repeated subtraction (i.e., when the whole is decreased iteratively by equal sets) can be used in division to determine the size of the equal set. When students have many practice opportunities to solve division problems with strategies such as repeated subtraction, they develop a solid conceptual understanding that division represents partitioning a quality into groups of equivalent sets.
This video demonstrates how to use the lattice division strategy. The lattice division strategy eliminates the requirement to use automatic recall of facts, such as in the partial quotient strategy, but this strategy requires that students follow a very specific set of steps. Careful use of the lattice is required. The lattice strategy partitions numbers into smaller parts and it may not be an efficient strategy for students to use if they do not understand how division works. To use this strategy, students should have a solid understanding of place value and dividing large quantities in equal groups.
This video illustrates the use of manipulatives to help students develop fluency in counting by tens and ones.
This video illustrates the use of manipulatives to help students integrate the concept of counting by ones with skill in grouping by tens.
This video illustrates the use of an efficient counting on strategy that students may practice to solve simple subtraction problems without the use of manipulatives.
This video illustrates the use of an efficient counting on strategy that students may practice to solve simple addition problems without the use of manipulatives. When students use a counting on strategy to solve an addition problem, they must be able to hold one number in working memory; however, an important working memory strategy to teach students and allow students to practice includes using fingers to track counting. Counting on is an efficient strategy that students may use to quickly determine the solution to an addition problem. With enough practice opportunities students will soon be able to perform simple arithmetic without the use of working memory strategies such as finger counting.