This second edition of Screening for Mathematics Difficulties in K-3 Student published in 2011, updates the original version (published in 2007) with new research in the assessment field in developing valid and reliable screening measures for early mathematics difficulties. It focuses on valid and reliable screening measures for students in kindergarten and first grade but also examines data on screening tests for second and third graders, since the goal of screening is to identify students who might struggle to learn mathematics during their initial school years.